Spinal Curvature
Spinal curvature refers to abnormal deviations in the natural alignment of the spine, leading to conditions like lordosis (inward curvature), kyphosis (outward curvature), or scoliosis (sideways curvature). It can cause symptoms such as back pain, stiffness, and muscle weakness. Causes range from congenital factors to age-related changes. Diagnosis involves physical examination and imaging tests. Treatment options include observation, bracing, physical therapy, or surgery, depending on severity. Early detection is key for effective management of spinal curvature and associated symptoms.
Understanding Spinal Curvature
Types of Spinal Curvature

Localized Back or Neck Pain
Excessive inward curvature of the spine, often in the lower back (lumbar) or neck (cervical).

Kyphosis
Exaggerated outward curvature of the spine, commonly seen in the upper back (thoracic).

Scoliosis
Sideways curvature of the spine, typically forming an “S” or “C” shape.
Causes of Spinal Curvature
- Congenital: Present at birth due to abnormal spinal development.
- Neuromuscular: Resulting from conditions like cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
- Degenerative: Occurring with age due to wear and tear on the spine’s discs and joints.
- Idiopathic: The cause is unknown, as seen in most cases of scoliosis.
Symptoms of Spinal Curvature
- Vary depending on the type and severity of curvature.
- It may include back pain, stiffness, muscle weakness, and noticeable changes in posture.
Treatment Options
- Observation: Monitoring the progression of mild curvatures without active intervention.
- Bracing: Wearing a brace to prevent further curvature progression is primarily used in adolescents with scoliosis.
- Physical Therapy: Exercises and stretches to strengthen muscles and improve posture.
- Surgery: Reserved for severe cases or when conservative treatments fail, aiming to correct the curvature and stabilise the spine.
